Justice
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 Justice facts

• The concept of justice differs in every culture
• An early theory of justice was set out by the Ancient Greek philosopher Plato in his work The Republic
• Advocates of divine command theory argue that justice issues from God
• In the 17th century, theorists like John Locke argued for the theory of natural law
• Thinkers in the social contract tradition argued that justice is derived from the mutual agreement of everyone concerned
• In the 19th century, utilitarian thinkers including John Stuart Mill argued that justice is what has the best consequences
• Theories of distributive justice concern what is distributed, between whom they are to be distributed, and what is the proper distribution
• Egalitarians argued that justice can only exist within the coordinates of equality
• John Rawls used a social contract argument to show that justice, and especially distributive justice, is a form of fairness
• Property rights theorists (like Robert Nozick) take a deontological view of distributive justice and argue that property rights-based justice maximizes the overall wealth of an economic system