- The lion is one of the big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae
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Lion facts
- The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa
- With some males exceeding 250 kg (550 lb) in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger
- Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in India (where an endangered remnant population resides in Gir Forest National Park)
- In ancient historic times, their range was in most of Africa, including North Africa, and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India
- In the late Pleistocene, about 10,000 years ago, the lion was the most widespread large land mammal after humans: Panthera leo spelaea lived in northern and western Europe and Panthera leo atrox lived in the Americas from the Yukon to Peru
- The lion is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), having seen a major population decline in its African range of 30–50% per two decades during the second half of the twentieth century
- Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks
- Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern
- Within Africa, the West African lion population is particularly endangered
- In the wild, males seldom live longer than 10 to 14 years, as injuries sustained from continual fighting with rival males greatly reduce their longevity
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