Alexis de Tocqueville
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 Alexis de Tocqueville facts

• He was best known for his works Democracy in America (appearing in two volumes: 1835 and 1840) and The Old Regime and the Revolution (1856)
• In both he analyzed the improved living standards and social conditions of individuals, as well as their relationship to the market and state in Western societies
• Democracy in America was published after Tocqueville's travels in the United States and is today considered an early work of sociology and political science
• Tocqueville was active in French politics, first under the July Monarchy (1830–48) and then during the Second Republic (1849–51) which s쳮ded the February 1848 Revolution
• He retired from political life after Louis Napoléon Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup, and thereafter began work on The Old Regime and the Revolution
• He argued the importance of the French Revolution was to continue the process of modernizing and centralizing the French state which had begun under King Louis XIV
• The failure of the Revolution came from the inexperience of the deputies who were too wedded to abstract Enlightenment ideals
• Tocqueville was a classical liberal who advocated parliamentary government, but he was skeptical of the extremes of democracy